RESEARCH ARTICLE – Pharmaceutics, Drug Delivery and Pharmaceutical Technology
Semi-imprinting Quercetin into Poly[N,N-Dimethylacrylamide-co-3, 9-divinyl-2, 4, 8, 10-Tetraoxaspiro (5.5) Undecane] Network: Evaluation of the Antioxidant Character

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ABSTRACT

A responsive antioxidant system constituted from quercetin inserted into poly[N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-3, 9-divinyl-2, 4, 8, 10-tetraoxaspiro (5.5) undecane] through a semi-imprinted procedure was evaluated. A continuous magnetic field (MF) was used during supramolecular structure preparation. The strength of coupling quercetin was evaluated based on the template release from the polymeric matrices, as well as to what extent quercetin reloaded into the polymer matrix in prescribed conditions—with or without the MF presence—shows antioxidant properties. The antioxidant activity of the complex was investigated by radical inhibitor activity method using 2, 2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl. The evaluation of the homogeneity distribution of the quercetin inside the polymeric network was made by near-infrared chemical imaging and correspondingly statistical analysis. For in vivo biocompatibility investigation, granuloma test in rats was performed correlated with the activity of enzymes involved in oxidative stress as well as immunologic effects of tested supramolecular complexes that include quercetin as therapeutic agent. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:2338–2346, 2014

Section snippets

INTRODUCTION

The interest in realizing compounds with antioxidant activities is entirely justified because antioxidants interacted with free radicals and stabilized them, thus preventing the free radicals from causing cell damage. In this context, poly[N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-3, 9-divinyl-2, 4, 8, 10-tetraoxaspiro (5.5) undecane] (PDMA-co-U) gel was prepared and quercetin was coupled through a semi-imprinted procedure into polymeric network to obtain a responsive antioxidant system.1., 2., 3.

The

Self-Assembled PDMA-co-U)/Quercetin Structure Preparation

First PDMA-co-U was synthesized through a process of copolymerization between PDMA-co-U monomers, found in a ratio of 70:30, and using benzoil peroxide as radical initiator and N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as solvent.1 Then, PDMA-co-U copolymer solution (of about 20% in DMAc) was cross-linked with N, N′-methylene bis-acrylamide (BisAAm in DMAc) (copolymer/cross-linker ratio of 10:1) using ammonium persulfate/N, N, N′, N′-tetramethylenediamine as redox system, at 25°C for 24 h, with or without

Evaluation of the Distribution of the Antioxidant Template into Polymeric Matrices

Near-infrared chemical imaging represents a perfect combination between near–infrared spectroscopy and image analysis. It provides information about the spatial distribution of the components comprising the sample and is used as fast and nondestructive alternative method for the quantification of excipients and active compounds within the polymeric matrices.18., 19., 20. The opportunity to visualize the spatial distribution of the bioactive substances (drugs) throughout the sample enables the

CONCLUSIONS

The study confirms the antioxidant properties of PDMA-co-U network with quercetin coupled through semi-imprinted procedure or quercetin loaded after polymer network preparation.

The evaluation of the antioxidant character of the new prepared complex was put into evidence by radical inhibitor activity method using DPPH. From the study, it was concluded about the possibility of coupling quercetin in interdependence with solicited antioxidant response: for a quickly antioxidant activity, quercetin

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was financially supported by the grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-211/2012 “Interdisciplinary research on multifunctional hybrid particles for bio-requirements.”

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