Abstract
The cold and fresh upper water column of the Arctic Ocean (AO) is
separated from warm and saline subsurface Atlantic Waters (AW) by the
strong vertical stratification. Recent rapid declining of sea ice and
increasing storms in the region makes the AO more vul nerable to the
vertical mixing. Here we report significant impact of storms on the
re-distribution of AW in an Arctic fjord, Kongsfjorden, using the
hydrography observations and numerical simulations. During storm events
high-frequency currents and near-inertial waves are observed which
induce large vertical shear in the water column. This leads to enhanced
vertical mixing, re-distributing subsurface AW and warming of the mixed
layer. Near inertial wave induced mixing also leads to enhanced primary
productivity in the upper water column. Numerical experiments further
confirm the role of storms in inducing vertical mixing and resulting
mixed layer warming. This study also points out the possible impact of
near-inertial waves on the primary productivity in the fjords in
ice-free condition. The findings of the study indicates that storm
induced vertical re-distribution of AW in the AO can become more
important in future with declining sea ice cover and increasing storm
activity in the Arctic.