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Second law and Landauer principle far from equilibrium

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Published 4 August 2011 Europhysics Letters Association
, , Citation M. Esposito and C. Van den Broeck 2011 EPL 95 40004 DOI 10.1209/0295-5075/95/40004

0295-5075/95/4/40004

Abstract

The amount of work that is needed to change the state of a system in contact with a heat bath between specified initial and final nonequilibrium states is at least equal to the corresponding equilibrium free energy difference plus (respectively, minus) temperature times the information of the final (respectively, the initial) state relative to the corresponding equilibrium distributions.

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